​12部电影中的小丑

12部电影中的小丑

It (2017)

《小丑回魂》（2017）

"Coulrophobia", the fear of clowns, might seem like a peculiar complaint. What, after all, is scary about a guy in weird facepaint, pratting about in a circus ring or driving a car that's too small, all for the entertainment of delighted children? Well, for some people, everything, and films have long preyed on those fears. With Bill Skarsgård lurking around the corners of Andy Muschietti's new It adaptation as the truly terrifying Pennywise, we've cast our smeared-mascara'd eyes over ten of his cinematic predecessors – and one other...

(NB. We've opted for films only, so we know there's no Krusty, Twisty or Papa Lazarou. We didn't forget; we just counted them out.)

“小丑恐惧症”，即对小丑极为害怕的症状，可能看起来像是一种特别的抱怨。毕竟，这恐惧的对象，是一个脸上画着可怕妆容，在马戏团表演或是开着一张特别小的车，一切为了逗小孩子开心的人。然而，对于一些人来说，任何事，还有很多电影都一直被这种恐惧所支配。随着比尔·斯卡斯加德在安德斯·穆斯切蒂导演的新《小丑回魂》中为我们展现了一个真实可怕的Pennywise后，我们将目光转到在他之前的十大“小丑前辈”身上——另外（请注意。我们只选择了电影方面，所以我们知道这篇文章中没有Krusty（《辛普森一家》的小丑），Twisty（《美国恐怖故事：畸形秀》的小丑）或Papa Lazarou（《绅士联盟》的小丑）。我们没有忘记他们；我们只是没把他们算进来。）

He (Lon Chaney)

He Who Gets Slapped (1924)

他（朗·钱尼饰演）

《挨了耳光的男人》（1924）

Before the early to mid-20th Century when they began to be seen primarily as children's entertainers, clowns were often portrayed as tragic. The 1892 opera Pagliacci, for example, features a clown character who murders his wife on stage when he learns she's been cheating on him. The silent He Who gets Slapped is a slice of grim melodrama along similar lines. Chaney plays a disgraced academic who becomes a circus clown as an act of self-humiliation: the centrepiece of his act is getting resoundingly beaten every night by his white-faced colleagues. Not a horror film per se, but that image isn't one you forget in a hurry.

在20世纪初期至中期，在他们被视为以娱乐孩童为主的角色之前，小丑也是悲剧的象征。例如，1892年的歌剧Pagliacci中，塑造了在一个知晓妻子出轨后，在舞台上谋杀了自己妻子的小丑角色。而《挨了耳光的男人》这部电影，则和上述剧情差不多。钱尼的角色是一个从灰头土脸的学家变成以自取其辱为乐的马戏团小丑：他表演的核心内容就是每天晚上被自己的“白脸”同事殴打。不算是恐怖片，但是这个形象不是那么容易会被我们忘记。

Michael (Skip Martin)

Vampire Circus (1972)

迈克尔（斯基普·马丁饰演）

《吸血鬼马戏团》（1972）

Hammer's flagship Dracula and Frankenstein franchises were ailing by the early '70s, but the studio was still capable of turning out strong standalones like Captain Cronos, Vampire Hunter and this. These days there's a kind of cosy, comfort-food nostalgia to much of Hammer's horror, but Vampire Circus, conversely, still has teeth. A vanguished vampire curses the Bavarian town of Stetl, and fifteen years after his death, the Circus of Nights rolls up, headed up by Adrienne Corri and her dwarf-clown henchman, Michael. His actual capering is a bit half-arsed, but this particular circus' agenda seems to be to worry the villagers as much as to entertain them. And at that he succeeds admirably, on several occasions, whether in the ring or lurking in a crypt.

虽然哈默的旗舰版德古拉和科学怪人系列在70年代早期就已经状态不佳，但是工作室仍有能力创造出一些类似克洛诺斯上尉，吸血鬼猎人这样的强大独立角色。过去的日子，对于哈默的大部分恐怖片来说，都有一种舒适的怀旧之感，但《吸血鬼马戏团》，恰恰相反，还蛮恐怖的。一个将死的吸血鬼诅咒了叫做Stetl的巴伐利亚小镇，在他死后的十五年，由阿德琳妮·柯瑞和她的矮人小丑助手——迈克尔领衔的“马戏团之夜”风潮席卷而来。他做的勾当其实有点愚蠢，而这个马戏团的表演议程比起娱乐村民来说，更让他们担惊受怕。无论是在马戏团里还是躲在地窖里，好几个场景中，就这而言，他非常成功（地吓到了我们）。

Doll

Poltergeist (1982)

玩偶

《鬼驱人》（1982）

Here's the clown that freaked out a generation. It may arguably be where the modern notion of the frightening movie clown really begins: planting the notion that clowns are very much not fun indelibly in the heads of thousands of kids (Poltergeist, in the US, was only rated PG-13). Simplicity itself, the scene involves the young Robbie Freeling (Oliver Robbins) getting increasingly spooked from his position in bed by the doll that, a couple of hours ago in daylight, must have seemed perfectly innocuous. He tries to cover it with a jumper, but misses. Then when he looks again, it's gone. And then he checks under the bed... The 2015 remake witlessly tried to amp this scene up by adding loads more clown dolls. One was always enough.

这是一个吓坏了一代人的小丑。它可以说是恐怖电影中盛行小丑元素的始祖了：“小丑并不有趣”这个想法在孩子们的头脑中根深蒂固（《鬼驱人》在美国定级仅为PG-13）。玩偶其实很普通，在那个年轻的罗比·弗瑞林（奥利弗·罗宾斯饰演）受到他床边玩偶惊吓的场景出现的几个小时之前，还是白天的时候，它看起来就很无害。他试图将一件衣服盖在玩偶的身上，但是没成功。等他回过头再看的时候，它消失了。于是他把头伸向了床底...而2015年的重启版无知地试图增加更多的小丑玩偶来放大这个场景。（其实）一个就够了。

Mervo (Tiny Tim)

Blood Harvest (1987)

默弗（蒂尼·蒂姆饰演）

《血丰收》（1987）

Remember that weird version of Tiptoe Through The Tulips that gets played a lot in Insidious? It's by the late American cult entertainer Tiny Tim, famous (where he was known at all) for his freakish ability to sing in that odd falsetto. Briefly popular in the late '60s, he'd pretty much faded back into obscurity by 1987, but a chance meeting with director Bill Rebane led to this, his only movie. A pretty hapless attempt to whip up something scurrilous to ride the '80s slasher movie craze, it's nevertheless earned some notoriety thanks solely to Tim, who plays the alarming Marvellous Mervo. As the song over the opening and closing credits informs us, he just wants to make the whole world laugh, even if the laugh's on him. [Spoiler] A twist reveals he isn't the villain we might have suspected, but he's no less disturbing for that.

还记得《Tiptoe Through The Tulips》这首歌在《潜伏》中被播放多次吗？这是由美国恐怖艺术家蒂尼·蒂姆演唱，他（就只是因为）唱这首歌有着奇怪的男高音这个奇特能力而出名。他在60年代末很受欢迎，可到了1987年，几乎就没影了，一个偶然的机会，他遇到了比尔·瑞巴内导演，于是拍了这部他唯一的电影。多亏了蒂姆饰演令人害怕的奇人默弗，他为企图煽动一些下流的东西来引领80年代恐怖片热潮的电影“赢”来了一些恶名。就如电影开头和结尾的歌曲那样，他只是想逗乐整个世界，即使他才是那个笑点。【剧透】转折告诉我们，他也许不是我们会怀疑的那个反派，但是他也同样令人不安。

Clown (John Leguizamo)

Spawn (1997)

小丑（约翰·雷吉扎莫饰演）

《再生侠》（1997）

This is what a "dark superhero" movie looked like in the days before Blade and The Matrix. Today we can watch it with a sort of stunned disbelief, but to be fair, that was pretty much the reaction it got in 1997 too. But Leguizamo, at least, always seemed to be having fun. The Clown here is a demon tasked with keeping Al "Spawn" Simmons working to Hell's agenda. Why he chooses to take the form he does is unclear in narrative terms, although in Todd McFarlane's comics he's more obviously a caricature of real-life "killer clown" John Wayne Gacy. "I was a good clown, man," Leguizamo told The List recently. "I was like this tall. I had to squat through the entire thing. I had the craziest glutes for a while."

在《刀锋战士》和《黑客帝国》出现前，“黑暗超级英雄”电影就是这样的。我们今天来看这部电影会报以一种错愕的态度，说实话，这和1997年的反应也差不多。不过至少，雷吉扎莫看起来一直很开心。这里面的小丑是一个恶魔的手下，他的任务是让“再生侠”西蒙斯为地狱工作。在叙事方面，还不清楚为何他要选择这样的形式来表演，虽然在托德·麦克法兰的漫画中他的角色很明显就是现实生活中的“杀人小丑”约翰·韦恩·盖西的夸张放大版。在最近，雷吉扎莫在《The List》的采访上说：“我是一个好小丑，朋友。我大概这么高。全程我都必须要蹲着。我那段时间的臀部可是很不一般的。”

Captain Spaulding (Sid Haig)

House of 1000 Corpses (2003) & The Devil's Rejects (2005)

斯波尔丁队长（西德·黑格饰演）

《千尸屋》（2003）&《千尸屋2》（2005）

Rob Zombie pulled Sid Haig out of semi-retirement for his brace of scurrilous horrors, giving the actor a late-in-life signature role in the process. Spaulding, who rarely appears out of make-up, is the paterfamilias of the murderous Firefly family (who all nicked their pseudonyms from the Marx Brothers). Before he goes on the run, he's happily ensconsed running a trashy roadside "murder ride" attraction, where the murder is, to nobody's susprise but the visiting kids, perhaps less entertaining than advertised. He also does a nice sideline in delicious fried chicken. One of those characters that can go from jocose to sinister at the flip of a coin, he's not above terrorising little kids for his own amusement. "Don't you like clowns? Don't we make you laugh? Aren't we fucking funny?"

罗布·赞比把西德·黑格从半退休的下流恐怖片的泥沼中拉了出来，并给了这个演员一个在其晚年特征鲜明的角色。斯波尔丁，一个几乎全程带妆的角色，是凶残的费尔弗莱家族（假名都来自于马克思兄弟）的一家之主。在他开始杀戮之前，他乐于置身在杀人的“谋杀骑行”路边来吸引他人注意，为的就是吸引小孩，可能会比广告上说的还要再无趣一些。他烤鸡的技术也一流。在那些转瞬就可以从诙谐变成邪恶的角色中，他并不是为了娱乐自己而去恐吓孩子们。“你不喜欢小丑吗？我们没有逗你开心吗？我们难道TM的不可笑吗？”

The Joker (Heath Ledger)

The Dark Knight (2008)

小丑（希斯·莱杰饰演）

《黑暗骑士》（2008）

Take your own pick for the Clown Prince Of Crime, obviously. Ledger's live-action version and the Mark Hamill-voiced animated iteration give each other a run for their sinister money, while the '60s series' Cesar Romero is perhaps the weirdest, just because he's the silliest and most child-like. The character's comic-strip creators, Bill Finger, Bob Kane and Jerry Robinson, based him in part on the silent movie actor Conrad Veidt in 1928’s The Man Who Laughs: not quite a scary-clown role, but as near as dammmit.

如果让你自己选一个犯罪小丑之王，很明显。莱杰的真人版和马克·哈米尔的动画配音版都给他们一个竞选最佳邪恶小丑的机会，而60年代的凯撒·罗摩洛是最怪异的，因为他最幼稚也最小孩子气。这个角色的漫画最初是创造者，比尔·芬格、鲍勃·凯恩和杰瑞·罗宾逊以1928年的默片《笑面人》中演员康拉德·韦特的角色为原型：并不算是一个吓人的小丑角色，但是也很疯狂。

Zombie Clown (Derek Graf)

Zombieland (2009)

僵尸小丑（德里克·格拉夫饰演）

《丧尸乐园》（2009）

Two clowns for your buck in Ruben Fleischer's hilarious action zom-com. "Of course, it had to be a clown. Fuck this clown!" says Jesse Eisenberg, faced with Graf's colourful Bozo as a postscript to the film's climactic battle. But it's a callback to an earlier, brief, but for more disturbing scene in which Eisenberg explains that he "was always kind of phobic" while imagining a clown crawling and boggling at him under a bathroom stall. It's "the thing I fear more than anything," he tells the audience. "Yes, even more than zombies. Fucking clowns!"

在鲁本·弗雷斯彻的滑稽动作僵尸喜剧中，值得你花钱的两个小丑。“当然，必须是一个小丑。去他的小丑！”杰西·艾森伯格在为电影高潮附言，面对格拉斯花里胡哨的蠢角这么说。但这都是在之前说的了，在更多令人不安的场景中，艾森伯格解释说当他想象着一个小丑爬行嵌在在他浴室的墙里的时候，“就像是一种恐惧症”。这“超越了我害怕的任何事情，”他告诉观众：“是的，比僵尸还恐怖。该死的小丑！”

Grimaldi

The Casebook of Eddie Brewer (2012)

格里马尔迪

《埃迪·布鲁尔事件》（2012）

Andrew Spencer's low-budget British indie takes the interesting tack of employing a clown we never actually see. "Grimaldi" is the name taken by the demon trying to ingratiate itself with young Erin Connolly. He's taken his moniker from a famous real-life clown from the 18th Century. "This thing wants to communicate with this child in a way that’s child-friendly," Spencer told us. "But because it’s a bit disturbed and it’s out of kilter with our times, unfortunately it picks a thing that kids now don’t find friendly at all. We can all imagine a clown, so we don’t need to show him. We’ve all got a different clown in our mind." The real Grimaldi himself once joked, "I am grim all day, but I make you laugh at night..."

安德鲁·斯宾塞的低成本英国独立电影制造了一个我们根本就没见到的小丑。“格里马尔蒂”是恶魔用来讨好小艾琳·康诺利的名字。这个绰号来自于18世纪一个真实且有名的小丑。“这东西想以一种友好的方式和这个小孩交流，”斯宾塞告诉我们。“但是因为它有点不安，而且在我们的时代很不合常理，不幸的是它幻化成一个现在孩子根本就不觉得友好的东西。我们可以想象出一个小丑的样子，所以我们根本不用展现它的样子。我们每个人的思想中就已经有一个不同小丑了。”真正的“格里马尔蒂”曾经开玩笑说：“我白天很冷静，但是我能在晚上逗你笑...”

Kent (Andy Powers)

Clown (2014)

肯特（安迪·鲍尔斯饰演）

《小丑》（2014）

Before this year's Spider-Man: Homecoming, director Jon Watts made the excellent indie Cop Car. But before even Cop Car, there was this. Weirdly, you can see hints of his Spider-Man fandom in it – or perhaps it's a coincidence, but the fact is that Clown involves a guy getting symbiotically taken over by his evil costume, almost exactly a la Venom. Andy Powers plays the unfortunate Kent McCoy, who discovers not only that he can't remove the suit, but that it's possessed by an ancient Northern–European child-eating demon called The Clöyn.

在今年《蜘蛛侠：英雄归来》之前，导演乔·沃茨制作了独立电影《玩命警车》。但在《玩命警车》之前，就是这部电影。古怪的是，你甚至可以在里面看到他《蜘蛛侠》的情怀——或者只是个巧合罢了，但事实上是一个小丑寄生在了穿他衣服的男人身上，就像是毒液一样。安迪·鲍尔斯扮演了不幸的肯特·麦科伊，他不仅发现戏服不能脱下来，还发现衣服是被一个叫做Clöyn的古老北欧吃小孩恶魔附体了。

Pennywise (Tim Curry)

It (1990)

Pennywise（蒂姆·克里饰演）

《小丑回魂》（1990）

And of course, there's Tim Curry: the first screen Pennywise in Tommy-Lee Wallace's 1990 It. This breaks our own rules because it's a three-hour TV miniseries rather than a film – but you'd complain if we didn't include him. And we'd feel bad anyway. As an adaptation of the character as described in Stephen King's novel, Curry isn't physically all that accurate. But the performance more than makes up for the look. "Pennywise always understood what each character was scared of, and provided it," Curry told The Guardian recently. "I could see [when I got the script] what fun it would be to be that scary. There’s the classic scene where little Georgie floats his paper boat down the gutter and puts his hand down to try and get it back, and is grabbed by Pennywise, who says: "Down here we float ..." The boy playing Georgie [Tony Dakota] yanked his hand away and said, "You’re scaring me!" I said, "I’m sorry, I’m supposed to."

当然，还有蒂姆·克里：1990年汤米·李-华莱士《小丑回魂》中的第一代Pennywise。这打破了我们的规矩，因为它是一部3小时长的电视剧而不是电影——但是如果我们不提他你们会抱怨的。我们也会感到很不安。对比起史蒂芬·金的小说中的角色描述，克里的身材并不是很准确。但表演比外表重要。“Pennywise一直知道每个角色害怕什么，然后就变成那个东西，”克里在最近《The Guardian》的采访中说：“我能预见（在我拿到剧本后）到我变得这么可怕是有多有趣。在那个，小乔治把纸船弄到了下水道并且试图找回它的时候，被Pennywise抓住了，他还说‘下来吧，我们一起浮起来’的经典场景中...扮演乔治的演员（托尼·达科塔）抽回他的手并说道：‘你吓到我了！’然后我说：‘对不起，但我就应该这么吓人。’”

原文来自Owen Williams。